C++ history

During the 60s, while computers were still in an early stage of development, many new programming languages appeared. Among them, ALGOL 60, was developed as an alternative to FORTRAN but taking from it some concepts of structured programming which would later inspire most procedural languages, such as CPL and its succesors (like C++). ALGOL 68 also directly influenced the development of data types in C. Nevertheless ALGOL was an non-specific language and its abstraction made it impractical to solve most commercial tasks. In 1963 the CPL (Combined Programming language) appeared with the idea of being more specific for concrete programming tasks of that time than ALGOL or FORTRAN. Nevertheless this same specificity made it a big language and, therefore, difficult to learn and implement. In 1967, Martin Richards developed the BCPL (Basic Combined Programming Language), that signified a simplification of CPL but kept most important features the language offered. Although it too was an abstract and somewhat large language. In 1970, Ken Thompson, immersed in the development of UNIX at Bell Labs, created the B language. It was a port of BCPL for a specific machine and system (DEC PDP-7 and UNIX), and was adapted to his particular taste and necessities. The final result was an even greater simplification of CPL, although dependent on the system. It had great limitations, like it did not compile to executable code but threaded-code, which generates slower code in execution, and therefore was inadequate for the development of an operating system. Therefore, from 1971, Dennis Ritchie, from the Bell Labs team, began the development of a B compiler which, among other things, was able to generate executable code directly. This "New B", finally called C, introduced in addition, some other new concepts to the language like data types (char). In 1973, Dennis Ritchie, had developed the basis of C. The inclusion of types, its handling, as well as the improvement of arrays and pointers, along with the later demonstrated capacity of portability without becoming a high-level language, contributed to the expansion of the C language. It was established with the book "The C Programming Language" by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie, known as the White Book, and that served as de facto standard until the publication of formal ANSI standard (ANSI X3J11 committee) in 1989. In 1980, Bjarne Stroustrup, from Bell labs, began the development of the C++ language, that would receive formally this name at the end of 1983, when its first manual was going to be published. In October 1985, the first commercial release of the language appeared as well as the first edition of the book "The C++ Programming Language" by Bjarne Stroustrup. During the 80s, the C++ language was being refined until it became a language with its own personality. All that with very few losses of compatibility with the code with C, and without resigning to its most important characteristics. In fact, the ANSI standard for the C language published in 1989 took good part of the contributions of C++ to structured programming. From 1990 on, ANSI committee X3J16 began the development of a specific standard for C++. In the period elapsed until the publication of the standard in 1998, C++ lived a great expansion in its use and today is the preferred language to develop professional applications on all platforms. C++ has been evolving, and a new version of the standard, c++0x, is being developed to be published soon, with several new features. source : cplusplus

How to compile your C program in Linux

welcome back to this blog, now i'd like to show yo how we compile our C program in Linux? the answer is just using GCC. what is that GCC? GCC is a compiler listing of the C language program that works on linux platform. This compiler is a leading compiler on linux operating system which is a product of the Free Software Foundation, which is open source and free. Although it is free, the GCC is not the software is cheap because behind kemurahmeriahannya there is the reliability of the GCC can compile programs written in C, C + +, object C, Fortran (with the help of G77), Pascal, Module-3 and other programs (of course with extra library) . In this article will discuss how do I compile the C language into machine language that is recognizable by the computer system logic 0 and 1 (binary) using GCC. In the compilation process listing program will generate an executable file. To get the executable file from the C language program listings can be by forming a file object first and then form the executable file. $ gcc -c file_name.c //build the object $ gcc -o file_name file_name.o //build the executable or you just can directly build the executable file by using $ gcc -o file_name file_name.c now we got our executable file we can run it just by typing: $ ./file_name in our shell.

Students ITSB Get Warranty to Work

JAKARTA, KOMPAS.com - Golden Energy Mines PT Tbk (PT GEMS) signed a memorandum of cooperation with educational and job security Bandung Institute of Technology and Science (ITSB). The signing was done by the Chief of Organization & Development PT GEMS Endro Blue, Chairman of the Foundation ITSB B Kombaitan, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the Foundation ITSB G Sulistiyanto, and General Secretary of the Foundation ITSB Dhony Rahajoe, who witnessed the Director General of Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Djoko Santoso. "Positive momentum in the sector of coal mining industry must be maintained over the best mining practices to maintain a balance between social, environmental, and economic. Corporate social responsibility program since the beginning we have designed to reach all three aspects earlier. One result is that today's cooperation agreement, "explained Endro Blue refers to efforts to build a culture of entrepreneurship ITSB mastery-based science and technology, environmentally sustainable or eco-technopreneur, and the efforts of PT GEMS into the coal mining industry which is managed in a sustainable manner. The deal is expected to meet the needs of PT GEMS will be qualified mining experts, while the best graduates ITSB with job security will have the opportunity to apply their knowledge and skills. In other words, "This partnership is strategic because it is directed to bridge vision and mission of the two agencies, as well as implementing the approach link and match between the world of education and the world of work," lid Endro. source : Kompas.com

Young millionaire in the Field of Technology

In the era of the present and future role of technology has a very large share. The role of this technology works to help people simplify everyday life. Want to know young people who successfully engaged in the world of technology? see his review below.
This is the billionaire Young in the Field of Technology:
 
Mark Zuckerberg, 25 years old. Net worth: U.S. $ 4 billion
Zuckerberg regain its status as the world's youngest billionaire after exiting from the list last year when the economic crisis. Social networking site Facebook has a "positive cash flow" in 2009. Last transaction of shares in SecondMarket give that site value above U.S. $ 15 billion.
Zuckerberg started up early 2004 while a student at Harvard. He dropped out after receiving funds from PayPal cofounder Peter Thiel. The number of Facebook users increased 130% over the last 12 months and even to 400 million.
Yoshikazu Tanaka, 33 years old. Net worth: U.S. $ 1.4 billion
The world's second youngest billionaire is a success of their own business. He gathered a wealth of social networking site he founded called the Gree. He came out from Sony and then work to fellow Japanese billionaire Hiroshi Mikitani the online shopping site Rakuten.
In 2004 he founded the Gree. Site transferred to be a focus on mobile gaming. This site is managed to attract about 1 million new subscribers every month that pays virtual clothes and accessories for online avatars who participated in the games from their phones.
Sergey Brin, 36 years old. Net worth: U.S. $ 17.5 billion
Google founders was ranked the 24th richest world. Wealth grow to U.S. $ 5.5 billion when its shares rose 70% last year. Google's revenue reached U.S. $ 23.7 billion. Having immigrated from Russia, he met Larry Page partners who both dropped out of Stanford Ph.D. in computer science programs in 1998.
Larry Page, 37 years. Net worth: U.S. $ 17.5 billion
Google shares rise in a wave of encouraging wealth of other founders of Google rose $ 5.5 billion and make the richest to the 24. Google continues to dominate search, although Microsoft issued Bing search engine, launched in 2009.
The company has moved into mobile phones and mobile software with the launch of the smart phone Nexus in January Android operating system.
Google Apps, including Google Docs and Google Calendar, has a value of U.S. $ 750 million business. Page met Brin at Stanford later founded Google.
Robin Li, 41 years old. Net worth: U.S. $ 3.5 billion
China's Internet entrepreneurs are again included in the ranking of billionaires even almost two times richer than the 2008. Li's Chinese online search leader Baidu profit recorded an increase of 48% in the fourth quarter. Baidu shares rose 281% last 12 months are also encouraged competition with Google.
Jerry Yang, 41 years old. Net worth: U.S. $ 1.3 billion
The founder of Yahoo has been through several years of ups and downs. But Yahoo shares rise 26% last year to help increase his wealth. Yahoo's chief executive rejected the offer of U.S. $ 44.6 billion takeover from Microsoft, and encourage shareholder Carl Icahn tried to expel Yang.
He finally resigned November 2008 replaced Carol Bartz. Yahoo search and then formed a partnership with Microsoft in July 2009. Yahoo running advertising sales for Microsoft's search engine Bing.
Pierre Omidyar, 42 years old. Net worth: U.S. $ 5.2 billion
Omidyar wealth could reach U.S. $ 1.6 billion, thanks to eBay's stock price surge, up 115% last year. EBay sales in 2009 reached U.S. $ 8.7 billion with 84 million users. eBay completed its purchase of 70% of internet phone company Skype November 2009. The French-born computer programmer launched online auction outfit eBay in 1995.
Jack Ma, 45 years old. Net worth: U.S. $ 1.2 billion
Ma re-entry into the billionaire list this year. In 1995 he started China Pages, the Internet company. Three years later, Ma's Alibaba set up with capital of U.S. $ 60,000 that offers a way companies outside China to find manufacturers and suppliers in the country.
He made a business portal Alibaba.com to go public, 2007. Yahoo is the investor. Alibaba Group, which now has 17,000 employees, also operates Taobao.com, e-commerce portals like eBay, and Alipay, an online payment system.
James Balsillie, 49. Net worth: U.S. $ 2.3 billion
Balsillie is co-founder of BlackBerry maker Research in Motion, along with fellow billionaire Mike Lazaridis. Maker of business-oriented smart phone that is locked in a fierce battle with Apple that carries the iPhone and some other new smart phone.
Together with Lazaridis and Chief Operating Officer Dennis Kavelman, Balsillie had been ordered to pay U.S. $ 62 million to settle the case of shares in 2009. He was also forced to resign from the board of directors of the rim.

source : teknologinet